Astigmatism Explained: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options
Astigmatism is a common vision problem, which can be experienced by people of any age. It occurs when the lens or cornea that forms the eye is not in the correct shape in order to focus the light properly to the retina. This may result in blurred vision or distorted vision, headaches, eyestrain or night vision difficulty.
Mild astigmatism is common amongst many people without their knowledge and there are those who have astigmatism that causes discomfort that disrupts daily living. We are going to discuss the symptoms of astigmatism, the causes of astigmatism and the most effective treatment options to treat astigmatism in order to know what to be watchful of and how to deal with it in this article.
What Is Astigmatism?
Astigmatism is not the same as shortsightedness (myopia) and long-sightedness (hyperopia). The normal eye has one or more identifying points on the retina upon which the light focuses, because of the eye creating a clear image.
In astigmatism, the curve of the cornea or the lens is irregular such that the light is dispersed. This scattering light causes blurred or elongated sight, which is independent of distance. Although astigmatism itself is not a disease, it can bring about a great deal of trouble to normal life in most instances as long as it is not corrected or managed. Either surgery or corrective lenses can then be used to correct the vision and lessen discomfort.
Types of Astigmatism
Astigmatism can be classified based on the part of the eye affected:
- Corneal Astigmatism
The surface of the cornea is irregular, bending light unevenly.
Causes blurred or distorted vision and sometimes double images.
- Lenticular Astigmatism
The lens inside the eye is unevenly shaped.
Can produce the same visual distortion as corneal astigmatism.
Astigmatism often occurs alongside myopia or hyperopia, which can make vision problems harder to notice until they start affecting daily tasks like reading, driving, or working on a computer.
Common Symptoms of Astigmatism
Recognizing the symptoms of astigmatism is important for early detection. Common signs include:
- Blurred or distorted vision at all distances
- Eyestrain during reading, working on a computer, or using a phone
- Frequent headaches, especially after extended focus
- Difficulty seeing at night, which can be noticeable while driving
- Squinting to see clearly
For instance, someone with astigmatism may find it hard to read a menu in dim lighting or may have to move closer to a computer screen to see text clearly. Early recognition of these signs allows you to get corrective measures before discomfort worsens.
Causes and Risk Factors of Astigmatism
The causes of astigmatism are often linked to genetics and eye shape. Major factors include:
- Congenital astigmatism – present at birth and often inherited
- Eye injuries or previous eye surgery
- Keratoconus – a condition where the cornea thins and bulges
Astigmatism may gradually worsen if left uncorrected, highlighting the importance of routine eye examinations. Identifying the problem early allows for timely intervention with glasses, contacts, or other treatments.
How Is Astigmatism Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is quick and painless. Common methods include:
- Visual acuity test – checks how clearly you see at different distances
- Keratometry – measures the curvature of the cornea
- Corneal topography – creates a detailed map of the cornea’s surface to check for irregular astigmatism
Even a simple eye exam can identify astigmatism before it significantly affects vision. Regular check-ups are recommended, especially if you notice changes in how clearly you see.
Treatment Options for Astigmatism
Several astigmatism treatment options are available:
- Eyeglasses
Cylindrical lenses correct uneven curvature and restore clear vision.
A simple, non-invasive solution suitable for daily use.
- Contact Lenses
Toric contact lenses are designed specifically for astigmatism. Rigid gas-permeable lenses may be recommended for irregular astigmatism due to corneal pathologies, like corneal scary, Keratoconus, which can be corrected with glasses or soft contact lenses.
- Orthokeratology (Ortho-K)
Special lenses worn overnight reshape the cornea temporarily.
Allows clear vision during the day without glasses or contacts.
- Refractive Surgery
Procedures like LASIK, PRK, and SMILE permanently reshape the cornea.
Can significantly reduce or eliminate dependence on glasses or contact lenses.
Choosing the right treatment depends on eye health, lifestyle, and the degree of astigmatism. A consultation with an ophthalmologist will help determine the best solution.
Can Astigmatism Be Prevented?
Astigmatism cannot be fully prevented because it is usually related to the shape of the eye. However, you can maintain healthy vision by:
- Scheduling regular eye exams
- Protecting your eyes from injuries
- Reducing prolonged screen use and eye strain
- Maintaining a balanced diet and proper hydration
While prevention of astigmatism itself is not possible, these steps help preserve vision quality and comfort.
Living with Astigmatism
Managing astigmatism in daily life can make a big difference. Some practical tips include:
- Ensure proper lighting while reading or working
- Reduce screen glare and take breaks from digital devices
- Follow your eye doctor’s advice regarding lenses or corrective treatments
- Attend regular follow-up appointments to monitor vision
With the right correction, people with astigmatism can enjoy clear and comfortable vision and perform daily tasks without strain.
Conclusion
Astigmatism is a common but manageable vision condition. By knowing the symptoms of astigmatism, the causes of astigmatism, and the current use of treatment against astigmatism, it is possible to preserve the visual vision and quality of life.
When you feel that you have blurry vision, headaches, or your eyestrains, do not wait. The community has the most advanced diagnostics and treatment options in the best eye care hospital in Thrissur.
Call us now to begin to see better with clear and healthy eyes.
